Estan vs. Son: Know the Difference

By Shumaila Saeed || Published on February 28, 2024

"Están" and "Son" are both Spanish verbs; "Están" is the plural form of "estar," indicating location or temporary state, while "Son" is the plural form of "ser," used for permanent characteristics, origin, or time.

Estan vs. Son

Key Differences

"Están" is used in the context of temporary states, conditions, or locations. For example, "Los libros están en la mesa" (The books are on the table). In contrast, "Son" is used for permanent traits, identity, or time. For instance, "Ellos son médicos" (They are doctors).

Feb 28, 2024

"Están" is a conjugation of "estar," which changes with the state or location. "Son" is a conjugation of "ser," used for inherent qualities or professions. This distinction is crucial in Spanish grammar.

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"Están" often implies a condition that can change over time. E.g., "Están cansados" (They are tired). Conversely, "Son" suggests a more permanent or long-term condition, as in "Son felices" (They are happy).

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"Están" doesn't imply origin or relationships. "Son," however, is used to express relationships or origins, like "Son de México" (They are from Mexico).

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"Están" is not used to tell time, while "Son" is commonly used for this purpose. E.g., "Son las tres de la tarde" (It is three in the afternoon).

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Comparison Chart

Usage

Temporary states or locations

Permanent traits, identity, or time

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Verb Origin

Conjugation of "estar"

Conjugation of "ser"

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Time Sensitivity

Implies changeable conditions

Indicates permanence or long-term

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Expressing Origin

Not used for origin

Used for origin or relationships

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Indicating Time

Not used for telling time

Commonly used to tell time

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Estan and Son Definitions

Estan

Used for physical or emotional states.

Están muy emocionados por el viaje. (They are very excited about the trip.)

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Son

Used for professions or occupations.

Ellos son profesores. (They are teachers.)

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Estan

Used for temporary states or conditions.

Las flores están marchitas. (The flowers are wilted.)

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Son

Indicates nationality or origin.

Son de Argentina. (They are from Argentina.)

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Estan

Implies a changeable situation or condition.

Las puertas están abiertas. (The doors are open.)

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Son

Used for relationships.

Ellas son hermanas. (They are sisters.)

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Estan

Plural form of "estar" indicating location.

Los estudiantes están en la biblioteca. (The students are in the library.)

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Son

Plural form of "ser" for permanent characteristics.

Son inteligentes y trabajadores. (They are intelligent and hardworking.)

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Estan

Indicates a temporary action in progress.

Están estudiando para el examen. (They are studying for the exam.)

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Son

For telling time or dates.

Son las diez de la mañana. (It is ten in the morning.)

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Repeatedly Asked Queries

Can "Están" and "Son" be used interchangeably?

No, their usage depends on the context of permanence or temporariness.

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Is "Son" appropriate for describing emotions?

Only if the emotion is considered a permanent trait.

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Can "Están" express long-term states?

No, it's used for temporary or changeable conditions.

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How is "Son" used differently than "Están"?

"Son" is used for permanent characteristics, professions, or origins.

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How does "Están" work in indicating location?

It specifies the current, potentially changeable, location of things or people.

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Does "Son" relate to time?

Yes, it's used for telling time and dates.

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What does "Están" signify in Spanish?

"Están" indicates a temporary state, condition, or location.

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Are "Están" and "Son" both plural forms?

Yes, they are plural forms of "estar" and "ser" respectively.

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In what context would "Están" not be suitable?

For describing permanent qualities or inherent characteristics.

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How is "Son" used in familial relationships?

To describe relationships, like "Son mis padres" (They are my parents).

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Can "Están" describe a profession?

No, that's the domain of "Son."

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Does "Son" ever indicate location?

No, "Son" does not indicate physical location.

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Is "Son" used for temporary conditions?

No, it's reserved for more permanent states.

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Is "Están" used for physical descriptions?

Only for temporary conditions, not permanent physical traits.

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Can "Están" be used for weather expressions?

Yes, for temporary weather conditions.

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In what situations is "Están" most commonly used?

For temporary locations, states, and ongoing actions.

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Can "Están" imply a future state?

Generally, it refers to the current state, not future.

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How does "Son" convey identity?

It expresses aspects like nationality, profession, or relationships.

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Is "Son" appropriate for expressing feelings?

Only for feelings considered characteristic of a person.

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Does "Son" have a singular form?

Yes, "es" is the singular form of "Son."

Feb 28, 2024

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Estan vs. Son

Estan vs. Son

About Author

Written by

Shumaila Saeed, an expert content creator with 6 years of experience, specializes in distilling complex topics into easily digestible comparisons, shining a light on the nuances that both inform and educate readers with clarity and accuracy.

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